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Basic Question 1 of 14
Active return is equal to ______.
B. portfolio return - market portfolio return
C. portfolio return - benchmark return
D. active factor return + active specific return
A. market portfolio return - risk-free return
B. portfolio return - market portfolio return
C. portfolio return - benchmark return
D. active factor return + active specific return
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I am happy to say that I passed! Your study notes certainly helped prepare me for what was the most difficult exam I had ever taken.

Andrea Schildbach
Learning Outcome Statements
explain the use of value at risk (VaR) in measuring portfolio risk;
compare the parametric (variance -covariance), historical simulation, and Monte Carlo simulation methods for estimating VaR;
estimate and interpret VaR under the parametric, historical simulation, and Monte Carlo simulation methods;
describe advantages and limitations of VaR;
describe extensions of VaR;
CFA® 2026 Level II Curriculum, Volume 5, Module 40.